Internet and World Wide Web Notes | Basic Computer Engineering | RGPV BTech First Year
Internet and World Wide Web (WWW)
Internet आधुनिक युग की सबसे महत्वपूर्ण Communication Technologies में से एक है। यह दुनिया भर के लाखों Computers, Servers तथा Networks को आपस में जोड़ता है। World Wide Web (WWW) Internet पर उपलब्ध Web Pages तथा Information Resources का विशाल संग्रह है जिसे Web Browsers के माध्यम से Access किया जाता है।
Introduction
आज Internet का उपयोग Communication, Education, Banking, Shopping, Entertainment, Research तथा Business Activities के लिए किया जाता है। Internet ने पूरी दुनिया को Digital Platform पर जोड़ दिया है।
WWW Internet की सबसे लोकप्रिय Service है जिसके माध्यम से Users Websites, Web Applications तथा Online Information तक पहुँचते हैं।
Definition of Internet
Internet विश्वभर में फैले हुए Networks का एक Global Network है जो TCP/IP Protocol के माध्यम से Data Communication को संभव बनाता है।
Internet = Network of Networks
Definition of World Wide Web (WWW)
World Wide Web Hyperlinked Web Pages का एक Collection है जिसे Internet के माध्यम से Access किया जाता है।
WWW = Collection of Interconnected Web Pages
History of Internet
- 1969 - ARPANET Development
- 1983 - TCP/IP Protocol Adoption
- 1990 - World Wide Web Introduced
- 1991 - First Website Published
- Present - Global Internet Infrastructure
Features of Internet
- Global Connectivity
- Fast Communication
- Information Sharing
- 24x7 Availability
- Large Resource Network
- Remote Access
Components of Internet
- Client Computers
- Servers
- Routers
- Communication Links
- Protocols
- Internet Service Providers (ISP)
Internet Protocols
| Protocol | Purpose |
|---|---|
| TCP/IP | Data Communication |
| HTTP | Web Page Transfer |
| HTTPS | Secure Web Communication |
| FTP | File Transfer |
| SMTP | Email Transfer |
Internet Services
- Web Browsing
- Online Banking
- E-Commerce
- Video Conferencing
- Cloud Computing
- Social Networking
- Online Education
World Wide Web Architecture
WWW Client-Server Architecture पर आधारित है।
Browser → Request → Web Server → Response → Browser
User Browser के माध्यम से Request भेजता है तथा Web Server संबंधित Web Page वापस भेजता है।
Web Browser
Web Browser एक Software Application है जो Web Pages को Access तथा Display करता है।
Examples:
- Google Chrome
- Mozilla Firefox
- Microsoft Edge
- Safari
- Opera
Web Server
Web Server वह Computer System है जो Websites तथा Web Applications को Host करता है।
Examples:
- Apache Server
- Nginx
- Microsoft IIS
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
URL किसी Web Resource का Address होता है।
https://www.example.com
| Component | Description |
|---|---|
| https | Protocol |
| www | Subdomain |
| example.com | Domain Name |
Advantages of Internet
- Global Communication
- Fast Information Access
- Online Education
- Business Growth
- Digital Services
- Remote Collaboration
Limitations of Internet
- Cyber Security Threats
- Privacy Issues
- Fake Information
- Internet Dependency
- Online Fraud
Applications of Internet and WWW
- E-Learning
- E-Commerce
- Digital Banking
- Online Communication
- Cloud Services
- Research and Development
- Entertainment Platforms
- Government Services
Internet vs WWW
| Feature | Internet | WWW |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Network of Networks | Collection of Web Pages |
| Purpose | Communication | Information Access |
| Dependency | Independent Infrastructure | Runs on Internet |
Industrial Importance
- Cloud Computing
- Digital Marketing
- Online Banking
- E-Commerce Platforms
- Remote Work Systems
- Global Communication Networks
Viva Questions
- What is Internet?
- What is WWW?
- What is URL?
- What is HTTP?
- What is HTTPS?
- What is a Web Browser?
- What is a Web Server?
- Difference between Internet and WWW?
- What is TCP/IP?
- What are Internet Services?
Exam Oriented Important Questions
- Define Internet and WWW.
- Explain Internet Architecture.
- Discuss Internet Protocols.
- What is URL? Explain its Components.
- Differentiate between Internet and WWW.
- Explain Web Browser and Web Server.
- Describe Applications of Internet.
Conclusion
Internet और World Wide Web आधुनिक Information Technology की रीढ़ हैं। इन्होंने Communication, Education, Business तथा Research को नई दिशा प्रदान की है। वर्तमान Digital Era में Internet तथा WWW का ज्ञान प्रत्येक Computer Engineering Student के लिए आवश्यक है।
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