Computer Networks Notes | Basic Computer Engineering | RGPV BTech First Year
Computer Networks Notes | Basic Computer Engineering | RGPV BTech First Year
Computer Networks
Computer Network рджреЛ рдпрд╛ рджреЛ рд╕реЗ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХ Computers рддрдерд╛ Devices рдХрд╛ рдРрд╕рд╛ рд╕рдореВрд╣ рд╣реЛрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдЬреЛ Communication Links рдХреЗ рдорд╛рдзреНрдпрдо рд╕реЗ рдЖрдкрд╕ рдореЗрдВ рдЬреБрдбрд╝реЗ рд╣реЛрддреЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ Data рддрдерд╛ Resources рдХреЛ Share рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ рд╕рдордп рдореЗрдВ Networking Technology Banking, Education, Healthcare, Cloud Computing рддрдерд╛ Business Operations рдХрд╛ рдЖрдзрд╛рд░ рдмрди рдЪреБрдХреА рд╣реИред
Introduction
рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ Computers рд╕реНрд╡рддрдВрддреНрд░ рд░реВрдк рд╕реЗ рдХрд╛рд░реНрдп рдХрд░рддреЗ рдереЗ рдФрд░ Data Sharing рдХрдард┐рди рдерд╛ред Networking Technology рдХреЗ рд╡рд┐рдХрд╛рд╕ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж Computers рдХреЛ рдЖрдкрд╕ рдореЗрдВ рдЬреЛрдбрд╝рдирд╛ рд╕рдВрднрд╡ рд╣реБрдЖред Computer Networks рдХреЗ рдорд╛рдзреНрдпрдо рд╕реЗ Files, Printers, Applications рддрдерд╛ Internet Connections рдХреЛ Share рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИред
рдЖрдЬ рд▓рдЧрднрдЧ рд╕рднреА Organizations рдЕрдкрдиреЗ Operations рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП Networks рдХрд╛ рдЙрдкрдпреЛрдЧ рдХрд░рддреА рд╣реИрдВред Computer Networks Communication рдХреЛ рддреЗрдЬ, рд╕реБрд░рдХреНрд╖рд┐рдд рддрдерд╛ рдкреНрд░рднрд╛рд╡реА рдмрдирд╛рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред
Definition of Computer Network
Computer Network Interconnected Devices рдХрд╛ рдПрдХ рд╕рдореВрд╣ рд╣реИ рдЬреЛ Communication Protocols рдХрд╛ рдЙрдкрдпреЛрдЧ рдХрд░рдХреЗ Data Exchange рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред
Computer Network = Interconnected Devices + Communication Protocols
Objectives of Networking
- Resource Sharing
- Data Communication
- Information Exchange
- Remote Access
- Cost Reduction
- Centralized Management
Characteristics of Computer Networks
- High Connectivity
- Data Sharing
- Reliability
- Scalability
- Security Support
- Resource Optimization
Components of Computer Network
- Computers
- Network Interface Card (NIC)
- Transmission Media
- Switch
- Router
- Hub
- Server
- Protocols
Types of Computer Networks
- LAN (Local Area Network)
- MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
- WAN (Wide Area Network)
1. LAN (Local Area Network)
LAN рдЫреЛрдЯреЗ рдХреНрд╖реЗрддреНрд░ рдЬреИрд╕реЗ Office, School рдпрд╛ Building рдореЗрдВ Computers рдХреЛ рдЬреЛрдбрд╝рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЙрдкрдпреЛрдЧ рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬрд╛рддрд╛ рд╣реИред
- High Speed
- Low Cost
- Easy Management
2. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
MAN рдПрдХ рд╢рд╣рд░ рдпрд╛ рдмрдбрд╝реЗ рдХреНрд╖реЗрддреНрд░ рдореЗрдВ Network Connectivity рдкреНрд░рджрд╛рди рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реИред
- City Wide Coverage
- Moderate Cost
- High Capacity
3. WAN (Wide Area Network)
WAN рдмрдбрд╝реЗ рднреМрдЧреЛрд▓рд┐рдХ рдХреНрд╖реЗрддреНрд░реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рд╕реНрдерд┐рдд Networks рдХреЛ рдЬреЛрдбрд╝рддрд╛ рд╣реИред
- Global Connectivity
- Internet Based Communication
- Large Coverage Area
Network Topologies
- Bus Topology
- Star Topology
- Ring Topology
- Mesh Topology
- Tree Topology
| Topology | Advantage |
|---|---|
| Star | Easy Maintenance |
| Bus | Low Cost |
| Ring | Orderly Communication |
| Mesh | High Reliability |
Network Devices
| Device | Function |
|---|---|
| Hub | Broadcast Data |
| Switch | Forward Data Efficiently |
| Router | Connect Different Networks |
| Modem | Internet Connectivity |
Network Protocols
- TCP/IP
- HTTP
- HTTPS
- FTP
- SMTP
Protocols Communication рдХреЗ рдирд┐рдпрдо рдирд┐рд░реНрдзрд╛рд░рд┐рдд рдХрд░рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред
Advantages of Computer Networks
- Resource Sharing
- Fast Communication
- Data Backup
- Cost Saving
- Centralized Control
- Remote Access
Limitations
- Security Risks
- Network Failure
- Maintenance Cost
- Virus Propagation
Applications of Computer Networks
- Internet Access
- Email Communication
- Cloud Computing
- Online Education
- E-Commerce
- Video Conferencing
- Banking Systems
- Healthcare Systems
LAN vs MAN vs WAN
| Feature | LAN | MAN | WAN |
|---|---|---|---|
| Coverage | Small Area | City | Worldwide |
| Speed | High | Medium | Variable |
| Cost | Low | Medium | High |
Industrial Importance
- Cloud Infrastructure
- Enterprise Communication
- Banking Networks
- Telecommunication Systems
- Remote Work Solutions
- Data Centers
Viva Questions
- What is a Computer Network?
- What is LAN?
- What is MAN?
- What is WAN?
- What is a Router?
- What is a Switch?
- What is Network Topology?
- What is TCP/IP?
- Difference between Hub and Switch?
- What are Network Protocols?
Exam Oriented Important Questions
- Define Computer Network.
- Explain Types of Computer Networks.
- Discuss Network Topologies.
- Explain Network Devices.
- Differentiate between LAN, MAN and WAN.
- What are Network Protocols?
- Describe Applications of Computer Networks.
Conclusion
Computer Networks рдЖрдзреБрдирд┐рдХ Information Technology рдХрд╛ рдЖрдзрд╛рд░ рд╣реИрдВред рдпреЗ Data Sharing, Resource Utilization рддрдерд╛ Global Communication рдХреЛ рд╕рдВрднрд╡ рдмрдирд╛рддреЗ рд╣реИрдВред Networking рдХрд╛ рдЬреНрдЮрд╛рди рдкреНрд░рддреНрдпреЗрдХ Engineering Student рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрддреНрдпрдВрдд рдЖрд╡рд╢реНрдпрдХ рд╣реИ рдХреНрдпреЛрдВрдХрд┐ рд╡рд░реНрддрдорд╛рди Digital Infrastructure рдкреВрд░реА рддрд░рд╣ Networks рдкрд░ рдЖрдзрд╛рд░рд┐рдд рд╣реИред
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